A passenger who appears confused and sweaty on board may be experiencing hypoglycemia. What is the recommended initial action?

• A. Provide a rapid source of sugar if available (glucose gel or drink) and monitor; seek medical advice as soon as possible.
• B. Wait and observe without intervention.
• C. Administer insulin.
• D. Call EMS immediately.

Answer: (A)

Recognize that confusion and sweating can be signs of hypoglycemia, a drop in blood sugar that requires rapid treatment. The best initial action is to provide a rapid source of sugar that the person can absorb quickly, such as glucose gel or a glucose-containing drink, and then monitor their response while seeking medical advice as soon as possible. Waiting and observing without giving sugar risks the condition worsening. Administering insulin would worsen hypoglycemia, so it is not appropriate as an initial measure. Calling EMS immediately is not the first step if sugar is available and the person can safely swallow; it’s appropriate if symptoms persist or the person cannot safely take oral sugar.